Nailing-machine



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

W. S. DOIG. NAILING MACHINE.

No. 461,014. Patented Oct. 13,1891.

Witnesses: Inventur,

2 u e e h S s t e e h s 2 R G 1% 0 D G S I W I A N M d 0 M 0 w No.461,014. Patented Oot.18, 1891.

Inventur, MM

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Witnesses UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

IVILLIAM S. DOIG, OF BROOKLYN, NEIV YORK.

NAlLlNG-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 461,014, dated October13, 1891.

Application filed July 18, 1890. Serial No. 359,183. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM S. DOIG, a citizen of the United States,residing at Brooklyn, Kings county, New York, have invented new anduseful Improvements in Nailing "\Iaf hines, of which the following is aspecifica- These improvements have been devised with special referenceto their use in connection with nailing machines embodying theimprovements set forth in patents granted by the United States to ThomasL. Smith and \Villaim S. Doig as joint inventors, and numbered and datedas follows: No. 265,166, September 2c, 1882; Nos. 276,639 and 276,726,May 1, 1883, and Nos. 342,230 and 359,268, May I8, 1886. Several of thefeatures nowdisclosed are, however, applicable with other types ofnailing-machines.

Machines admitting of my improvements comprise as'their essentialfeatures a platform for the supportof the boxes or boards in which thenails are to be driven, one or more nail-boXes supported above theplatform and each having a vertical channel to guide the nail into thewood, and above the nail-box a vertically reciprocating head carryingpunches that enter the channels in the nailboxes and expel and drive thenails. Myimprovements in these elements relate to improved andsimplified construction for the nail-box, the means by which theplatform is' elevated, in combination with the other elements of anailing-machine carried from a column, and the means employed forclinching the nails, all as hereinafter described and claimed.

Referring to the two sheets of accompanying drawings, Figure l is avertical section of the entire machine. Fig. 2 shows the head of thepunch. Fig. 3 shows the punch and a section through the nail-box. Fig.4. illus trates how the mailbox may be opened in order that access maybe had for clearing obstructions. Fig. 5 is a front elevation of themachine. Fig. 6 shows a modification of the nail-box in which theinclination of one side of the channel guiding the nail is madeadjustable. Fig. 7 is a modification of the nailbox dispensing with theoblique channel, and Fig. 8 shows a modification of the platform inwhich the grooved bar for clinching nails is mounted.

In my drawings accompanying tlus application I have shown the severalelements of my machine supported from a circular column 1. This columnhas a threaded portion carrying a hand-wheel 2. Above the hand-wheel isa platform 20, having a hub surrounding the column and free to slidevertically thereon.

On the lower edge of this hub is a rim, over which clips 3 3, attachedto the hand-wheel, engage and serve to carry the platform verticallywhen the hand-wheel is turned on the threaded column, thus affordingadjustment between the platform and the nailing mechanism. Above theplatform a nail-box frame 4, shrunk on the column, is provided with ahorizontally-grooved crosshead, to which the nail-boxes are attached.

The nail-boxes are constructed as follows; A fixed jaw 5 is made fasttothe cross-head of the nail-box frame. A movable jaw 6 is supportedfrom this fixed jaw by links '7 7,

hinged to the upper end of the fixed jaw and to the lower end of themovable jaw, so that by the yielding of these hinge-joints the movablejaw may be folded away from the fixed jaw either at the top for thepurpose of inspection and cleaning of the naihbox, as 8:

shown in Fig. Al, or at the lower end to permit the passage of thenail-head when the nail is expelled. Springs 8, attached to pins 9 and10 on the fixed and movable jaws, respectively, keep the two jawsnormally closed to- S5 gether. These jaws taken together form thenail-box. A vertical channel lies partly in each jaw. It is open at itsupper end for the entrance of the nail-punch, at the lower end for theexpulsion of the nail, and serves as a both jaws have been held in placeby springs,

against which they yield for the passage of the head of the nail. InpracticeI have found By thus using a tapering channel the 5 acacia ofboxes.

that the springs will not yield simultaneously, so that one jaw may aswell be fixed. and that after the nail has entered the wood furtherguiding on the part of the nail-box is useless, as the wood thendetermines the course of the nail, and the machine will spring so as topermit the nail to take the course thus determined. I have found onexperiment that nails can be driven with more precision with my new formof nail-box in which one jaw is fixed than with former designs.

In machines which I wish to adapt to a con siderable range of work anddrive nails having extra large or small heads an additional feature isintroduced in the construction of the nail-box, as shown in Fig. 6. Anad j ustable block 11 is set in the fixed jaw and carries the unyieldingportion of the vertical channel. This block is hinged nearits lower end,and retained at the desired inclination by a screw 12 near the otherend. For the insertion of the nail into the nail-box an oblique channelopening into the vertical channel is provided, as shown in Figs. 3 and6. This channel, however, is not essential to a nail-box embodying thefeatures above described and hereinafter claimed, and I have thereforeshown in Fig.7 a nail-box having the construction that I shall claim,but in which the oblique channel is omitted and in which the nail can beinserted only by entirely with drawing the punch.

Above the mailbox frame is the punchcarrying frame 18, withitspunch-carrying cross-head, to which the punches 14 let are clamped.This frame can slide on the column and is reciprocated thereon. Thisreciprocation is effected mechanically through the connecting-rod 15,one end of which is attached to a bar in the punch-carrying frame, whichpasses through slots in the column, and the other end of theconnecting-rod is carried by the crank-pin 16, which is revolved fromthe shaft 17. Then the punch-carrying frame is in its highest position,the end of the punch lies in thevertical channel above the point wherethe oblique channel enters, so that a nail dropped in the oblique willreach the vertical channel and come under the punch. The punch is shownin this position in Fig. 3. When the form of nail-box illustrated inFig. 7 is used, the punch is entirely withdrawn when the punch-carryingframe is in its highest position.' When the punch-carrying framedescends, carrying the punch with it, the latter strikes the nail-headand drives the nail.

My nailing-machine is designed for two classes of work for which therequirements are diiferent-thatis, for the nailing of cleats onto boardsand for the nailing together of boxes. In making boxes with cleats theseare nailed to the sides which are to form the box before these sides areassembled, so in nailing on cleats the work does not standas high abovethe platform as in the nailing together In order to avoid the necessityof adjusting the platform closer to the nail-box when changing frombox-nailing to cleat-nail ing, a cleat-nailing block 18 is placed on theplatform. In this latter class of work, since the nails pass through theboards, it IS desirable to turn and clinch the points. The natural wayto effect this clinching of the nails is to have the points strike theside of a groove in a piece of metal on coming through the boards, 'sothat the points will be deflected and turned back into the wood. As itis desirable in rapid work to place the boards over the groove beforethe nails are driven, and as variations in the grain of the wood renderit uncertain just where the points of the nails are likely to emerge,either of two difficulties result. If the edge of the groove is tooclose to where the points ofthe nails are expected to emerge, some willstrike the metal outside of the groove and fail to be clinched, or ifthe edge is sufficiently far away to insure that the points will comeout over the groove some will come out so nearly over the center of thegroove that they will not be properly deflected. I have avoided thesedifficulties by placing two grooves together, so that they join in asharp ridge directly under the vertical channel of the nail-box. Thenail, having a sharp point, will not be arrested by the sharp edge ofthe ridge, but will strike one side or the other and be deflected by thesides of the groove in which it strikes. grooves are shown in a bar ofsteel 19, whlch may either be let into the cleat-nailing block, as shownin Figs. 1 and 5, or it may be let into the platform, as illustrated inFig. 8.

I claim as new and desire to secure byLe-tters Patent 1. In anailing-machine, the combination, with a circular column threaded for ahandwheel, of a hand-wheel encircling this col umn, so as to turn on itsscrew-thread, aplatform having a hub surrounding and guided by saidcolumn and supported by the hub of said hand-wheel, a nail-box framehaving a cross-head and supported from said column, a nail-box attachedto said cross-head, a punchcarrying frame having a cross-head and guidedby said column, so that it can be reciprocated thereon, and a punchcarried from the cross-head of said punch-carrying frame and locatedabove said nail-box, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. A nail-box for anailing-machine, consisting of a fixed and a movablejaw grooved on their adjoining faces, so as to form a channel fordirecting the nail, links hinged to the upper end of said fixed jaw andto the lower end of said movable jaw, and springs attached to both jaws,whereby'they are drawn together, in combination with a punch forexpelling and driving said nail from said channel, substantially as andfor the purpose set forth.

3. A nail-box for a nailing-machine, consisting of a fixed and a movablejaw grooved on their adjoining faces, so as to form a channel largest atits upper end and reducing with a These uniform taper for guiding thenail, and springs for drawing the jaws together, in combination with apunch for expelling and driving said nail from said channel, and asupporting frame-Work for the work and said fixed jaw, substantially asand for the purpose set forth,

-1. Anail-box for anailing-machine, consisting of .a fixed and a movablejaw, an adjust able block set in said fixed jaw and grooved on its faceopposite a corresponding groove on the adjoining face of the movablejaw, so as to form a channel for directing the nail, and springs fordrawing the jaws together, in combination with a punch for expelling anddriving said nail from said channel, substantially as and for thepurpose set forth.

5. In a nailing-machine, a support for Work,

WILLIAM S. DOIG.

Witnesses:

CHAS. R. BEHRENS, CHAS. B. ONDERDONK.

